----------------------------Original message---------------------------- If I remember correctly, the following book contains a rather substantial discussion of the "broken back" pose so beloved by 19th century artists: Dijkstra, Bram. _Idols of Perversity: Fantasies of Feminine Evil in Fin-de- Siecle Culture_. NY:Oxford University Press, 1986. I read this quite a long time ago, so I hope my memory isn't playing tricks, but I'm pretty sure it was this book. I don't think it was limited to the Pre-Raphaelites, either. I'm not sure this will give the *source* of the pose but it should certainly give more information. Let me know if I'm hallucinating this... Edith Crowe